Mechanisms associated with September to November (SON) rainfall over Uganda during the recent decades

This study revisits teleconnections associated with the anomalous events of September to November (SON) rainfall over Uganda during 1981-2019, owing recent intensification extreme events. Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF), Composite and Correlation analysis are employed examine variability SON domain circulations anomalies. The first EOF mode (dominant mode) displays a positive monopole pattern explains 67.2% variance. results revealed that is largely influenced by Walker circulation Indian Ocean, whereby, wet an ascending limb on western part Ocean characterized convergence at low levels divergence upper level. showed positively (negatively) correlated (Atlantic Ocean) sea surface temperatures (SST). Furthermore, Dipole (IOD) have impact strong correlation, whereas Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) negative correlation. also reveal there lag in ENSO IOD episodes wet/dry region. tend extend season thus may not be well captured studies focusing SON. Future might consider October December or February. These phenomena need closely monitored considered when making seasonal forecasts.